Variation in first-generation L1 deictic systems: Language attrition and bilingualism effects

Aims and Objectives: This study explored the extent to which bilingual language exposure practice might alter way in first-generation adult speakers use deictic demonstratives their first (Spanish) after immersion a new environment (Norwegian). Fully developed L1 systems are expected be stable less susceptible change or restructuring than child systems. In addition, core domains of such as demonstrative reference hypothesized more robust. Design: Participants were tested with Spanish version memory game. They completed an ethnolinguistic background questionnaire questions targeting demographic data, experience language, daily routines use. Data analyses: Demonstrative was analysed using binomial multilevel modelling, allowing residual variance partitioned into between-participant component within-participant component. Findings: Results demonstrate shift system native who have resided Norway for median 6.5 years. is reflected extensive semantically underspecified item ese at expense form aquel. The latter frequent highly context-dependent corpora modern language. It can that faster converging on simplified speaker group Spain, but this development parallels tendencies observed monolingual variety may well influenced catalysed by practice. Originality: article addresses gap research terms under conditions attrition. documents residing another country. results suggest marking peri-personal space feature across languages, also preserved shift.